The founder of the birth control pill passed away, and he changed the pattern of “sex politics” between men and women

George Rosenkranz, a chemist born in Hungary, died at his home in Atherton, California on June 23 at the age of 102. The birth control pills he invented gave women the initiative to control births and changed the pattern of "sex politics" between men and women. His son, Roberto Rosenkranz, confirmed the death of his father and stated that they did not know the specific cause of death.

Dr. Rosenkrants was born in Budapest on August 20, 1916. His father runs a dance studio and his mother is a housewife. He spent a prosperous and happy childhood in Hungary, and later moved to Zurich to study at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, where he studied under Leopold Ruzicka. Dr. Rosenkrants received a degree in chemical engineering in 1938 and a doctorate in technical sciences in 1940.

Rosenkranz ’s son said that in the smoke that filled World War II, Dr. Rosenkranz obtained a professorship in Quito, Ecuador. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 brought Dr. Rosenkrantz to Havana again. Here, he met and married the Jewish refugee Edith Stan from Austria. After marriage, Dr. Rosenkrantz found a job in a Cuban pharmaceutical company. He made a small amount of progesterone and testosterone hormones from Adenophora Root from Mexico.

This work aroused the interest of Syntex. Dr. Rosenkrantz recalled that when he came to Syntex, there was no guidance on the production process of contraceptives, but he started from the first step and continued his own research based on his previous discoveries The main ingredient in. Dr. Rosenkrantz ’s other innovations include the manufacture of naproxen (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in arthritis and other diseases).

Dr. Rosenkrantz is an active advocate of birth control pills, which are used by millions of women in the United States. The first oral contraceptive he invented was approved in 1960 and has since been promoted around the world. He once said: "This drug is not the result of accidental discovery. On the contrary, this is the result of many events connected in series, which can not be separated from the credit of research partners and teams."

At the end of 1951, Dr. Rosencrantz and two of his colleagues-Austrian-born scientist Carl Djerassi and Mexican doctoral student Luis E. Miramontes, produced Noreth Ketones (birth control pills, progesterone drugs for menopausal hormone therapy and gynecological diseases treatment. The drugs can be used in low-dose and high-dose preparations, used alone and formulated, and used in combination with estrogen).

At first, norethisterone was a medicine to prevent miscarriage in women, but later it became the main active ingredient of birth control pills. In 1960, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Enovid, which is produced by Saler Pharmaceuticals. This is a watershed between feminist movements and cultural wars—allowing women to enjoy sex without worrying about pregnancy, and allowing women to have a say in when and whether to form a family. The large-scale promotion of birth control pills has sparked a protracted debate about sexual values.

In addition to being an excellent chemist, Dr. Rosenkrants is also an excellent bridge player. He has written more than ten books on bridge games and was selected to the American Bridge League Celebrity Association in 2000. In 1984, when he and his wife participated in the bridge game in Washington, his wife Edith Rosenkranz was kidnapped by a gun in the garage of a hotel and was detained for nearly two days. The gangster demanded One million dollars ransom. After receiving the ransom, the kidnapper released her near the shopping center, and the gangster was finally caught by the police. Ricardo Rosenkranz said in an interview after her mother's release that she must have experienced terrible ordeals. His mother replied that compared with the experience of the Holocaust, this kind of terrible thing is nothing. The previous disaster has made them both understand that life requires "courage".

In 2001, Dr. Rosenkrants said at the University of Mexico for his scientific achievements: "I leave any debate about the value of birth control pills to others to discuss, but we can never forget, original Sexual research is the lifeblood of the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, and interdisciplinary team efforts are an indispensable driving force for major research results. "

Birth control pills change women's sexual rights

Contraceptive pills have changed the role of women for half a century, and changed the modern female family and career choices. Once the birth control pill was launched, it caused a social shock. An American woman said with excitement that this was the first year of her eight-year marriage without pregnancy. Before the birth of the birth control pill, although condoms could also prevent women from becoming pregnant, the right to use condoms rested with men. Therefore, there are still women who still endure the results of continuous pregnancy. The birth of birth control pills provides women with more choices, so that women can enjoy sex better. Contraceptive pills reduced the likelihood of early marriage for women at that time by 2-3 percentage points.

In terms of career development, birth control pills increased the proportion of women who chose to be professionals at that time by nearly 2 percentage points. The popularity of birth control pills has had two impacts on women ’s career choices. On the one hand, birth control pills have prevented young people from suffering from abstinence, and the cost of postponing marriage and pursuing a career has been reduced. Of women postpone marriage, forming a more "thick" late marriage market. The popularity of birth control pills has generally reduced the divorce rate and improved the quality of marriage.

Some scholars have pointed out that birth control pills cannot stop the spread of AIDS, and there may be some side effects for women. In short, after the birth control pill was born, the debate has not stopped. However, we can never deny the contribution of the birth control pills invented by Dr. Rosenkrantz to the advancement of women ’s liberation.

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